The Surface group invites to:Interactions of biomaterials
Cancelled – strategies for optimization
Conference, Thursday 12th of March 2015 at Teknologisk Institut, Taastrup
The use of materials that interact with biological systems, biomaterials, are rapidly progressing along with our increasing understanding of such materials as well as technical capabilities in their production. However, the area of biomaterials for medical devices and clinical use is complex and full of potential pitfalls, which needs to be addressed.
What happens when biology and materials interact?
The biological response to biomaterials and devices is controlled largely by their surface chemistry and structure. If the surface of a biomaterial is compromised in terms of chemical, mechanical or biological factors, this can have devastating effects on the performance of such biomaterial. Therefore it is of great significance to carefully consider surface related properties of new biomaterials.
With the biomaterial surface as the central topic, the surface group ATV-SEMAPP is hosting a one-day symposium. Focusing on how the surface of biomaterials can interact with biology, what adverse effects can result from this interaction and how do we overcome these challenges.
An introduction to the field will be given and through a series of speakers from academia and the biomedical industry, we will have a look at how biomaterials are used to solve clinical problems and what considerations are made to optimize surfaces for biocompatibility. Its not only human biology that is important to consider when designing biomaterials. Therefore we will also look at how biofilm-forming bacteria’s can colonize biomaterial surfaces, its consequences as well as strategies to prevent the formation of biofilms.
List of participants
PRELIMINARY PROGRAM
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9:20 – 9:50 |
Registration, coffee, networking |
9:50 - 10:00
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Welcome to the seminar Naseem Theilgaard, Head of New Medical Devices Initiatives, Teknologisk Insitut |
10:00 - 10:30
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Introduction: Biological response to biomaterials Rune Juul Christiansen, Ph.D.student, DTU Mechanical Given such problems as adverse tissue reactions, microbial adhesion and device failure, the surface of biomaterials is a critical area in the development of biomaterials and the key to successful integration of implants and medical devices. This introduction provides an insight to the basic mechanisms related to tissue interaction with biomaterials and how different host defense systems perturbed by biomaterials can influence the outcome of the integration process. Furthermore, a brief introduction is made, concerning specific tissue/cell reactions, which can contribute to the destruction of biomaterial surfaces and consequently lead to the failure of the implant or device. Titled Cand. Scient. Med. Rune J. Christiansen hold a B.Sc. in molecular biology and a M.Sc. in biomedical engineering from Aarhus University and the Engineering College of Aarhus. Currently working as a PhD-student at DTU Mechanical Engineering, his past and present work involves bio-corrosion of metallic implants with a special emphasis on tissue reaction and immunological responses. |
10:30 - 11:00
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Allergic reactions to metallic allergens Charlotte M. Bonefeld, Associate Professor, Department of International Health, Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen Sometimes the composition of biomaterials are not well considered in the development of medical devices. This can have fatal consequences for both patient and device due to adverse immune reactions. This presentation gives an insight to how metallic allergens can initiate persistent immune reactions like allergy. Moreover, it will cover the effects and treatment options of such immune reaction at a patients level. |
11:00 - 11:30
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Bacterial biofilms Thomas Bjarnsholt, Professor, Dept. of International Health, Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen Bacteria can grow and proliferate using two different phenotypic pathways. Bacteria may appear as single, independent cells (planktonic phenotype) or be organized in aggregates commonly referred to as biofilm (sessile or biofilm phenotype). These two life forms have serious implications for bacterial infections in humans. Acute infections are assumed to involve planktonic bacteria, and are generally treatable with antibiotics, though successful treatment depends on accurate and rapid diagnosis. However, when bacteria succeed forming a biofilm within the human host, the infection often becomes untreatable and will develop into a chronic state. This presentation will cover the implications of biofilm formation in chronic infections and will discuss the difference between environmental and infectious biofilms. Discussion is made on why the current in vitro models of biofilms might be very inappropriate describing most environmental and infectious biofilms. Thomas Bjarnsholt is Professor at the Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of International Health, Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen and Department of Clinical Microbiology, Rigshospitalet, Denmark. His recent research has focused on bacterial biofilms in chronic infections as well as on optimizing the diagnosis of acute and chronic infections. Thomas has been the first to directly identify bacterial biofilms in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients, chronic wounds, chronic middle ear infections and infections due to permanent tissue fillers. He has also investigated biofilm formations in animal and laboratory models, in order to identify novel anti-biofilm targets. Based on his work, Thomas has developed the first international online course on bacterial biofilms. |
11:30 - 12:45 |
Lunch and networking |
12:45 - 13:15
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Surface engineering in metallurgy Per Møller, Professor, DTU Mechanical Metallic biomaterials are still one of the most used materials in medical devices today due to their unique combination of strength, wear resistance and biocompatibility. However, the use of metallic biomaterials also pose concerns related their electrochemical behavior. This presentation deals with the concepts associated with oxide films and their interaction with the biological, mechanical and electrochemical environments to provide an understanding of why corrosion is a critical factor in the long-term performance of metallic medical devices. Per Møller is the professor of corrosion and surface technologies at Mechanical Engineering, DTU (Technical University of Denmark). He is the editor/co-editor on more than 120 scientific papers and has taken more than 20 patents in surface technologies. |
13:15 - 13:45
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Corrosion of CoCrMo implant alloys Morten S. Jellesen, Senior Researcher, DTU Mechanical CoCrMo alloys have been used for decades in orthopedic, spinal, and cardiovascular implants. Concerns are raised about the effects of ions and particles releases from CoCrMo based orthopedic implants on the body’s response. Mechanic assisted corrosions mechanisms (tribocorrosion) has been thought as the major contributing factor for ions and particles generated in the implant-body system. Recently, evidence has been found that certain phagocytic cells are capable of inducing corrosion due to the activation of an inflammatory response. Inflammation raising from the body’s reaction to elevated exposure to metal debris can result in a local increase of reactive oxygen species and a acidified environment. This presentation shows corrosion studies of a CoCrMo implant alloy investigating the effect of such reactive oxygen species and pH on metal implant alloys. Morten S. Jellesen M.Sc., PhD from Department of Mechanical Engineering at DTU, currently involved in activities related to corrosion and tribocorrosion characterization of metal implant alloys as part of Metal Release from Implants (METIMP). METIMP is a project by The Danish Council for Independent Research | Technology and Production Sciences (FTP) with the aim of understanding the mode of metal release from implants by exploring the role of corrosion parts and wear debris and to characterize surface engineered metal alloys used for implants. |
13:45 - 14:15
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New hybrid materials with hybrid functions: Biocompatibility, diagnostics and therapeutics Peter Thomsen, CEO, Biomodics Traditional coatings have failed for a number of applications because coatings often are weak, fragile and rapidly degrades when used In Vivo. BioModics has addressed this issue by introducing an impregnation method for polymers. This results in a strong material which maintain functions in harsh environments. This approach has been tested in relation to infection management and cell and tissue support for implantable devices. The applications will be discussed along with new sensor applications which can be integrated. Peter Thomsen founded BioModics in 2006. BioModics is an independent service and technology provider to the life science industry with a vision to be the leading innovator within diagnostics and health care devices. |
14:15 - 14:35 |
Coffee and networking |
14:35 - 15:05
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Development of tools for biofilm prevention Anna Svensson, Senior consultant, Plastics technology, Teknologisk Insitut Catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI) is one of the most important hospital acquired infections. The aim of the BacAttack project is to develop and combine new antimicrobial strategies to prevent/postpone bacterial infection and biofilm formation during catheterisation. The consortium has successfully brought together expertise within material science, microbiology and biocompatibility. BacAttack is funded by the EU FP7-HEALTH-2011 programme. Anna Svensson has been working with material R&D for medical and industrial applications at the Danish Technological Institute since 2006. She has a Master of Science in Chemical Engineering and a PhD in Physical Chemistry from Lund University in Sweden. |
15:05 - 15:35
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Limiting biofilms by UV Jan Lorenzen, Kemi- og Bioteknik Teknologisk Institut Microorganisms living in biofilm are notoriously difficult to combat. Many of the chemical solutions such as antibiotics and biocides are rather ineffective against biofilm and their use can induce resistance. The newly started project BioFors aims to employ UV-light to combat and prevent biofilm formation in medical devices, especially tubings. It is the combination of material science, glass fiber producing tele industry, emergence of UV-emitting photodiodes and microbiological and clinical expertise that makes this approach likely to achieve its goals. Jan Lorenzen has been working with detection, prevention, and combat of biofilms since 2001. In close cooperation with industry and scientific partners he has been involved in and led numerous national and international projects within the field of biofilms in technical and medical systems. |
15:35 - 15:50
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Summary and closing remarks |
Seminar Concept:
Rune Juul Christiansen in cooperation with the managing committee of Surfaces, ATV-SEMAPP.
Arranged by:
ATV-SEMAPP in cooperation with the above mentioned.
The seminar is promoted by IDA Mechanical, IDA Sundhedsteknologi, Biokemisk Forening, Biopeople, Medicoindustrien, IDA Bioteknologi and the magazine Teknovation.
